The Rise of Quantum Computing: Implications for IT Infrastructure

It seems as though quantum computing is about to take over. In the past year alone, it has become one of the most trending technologies. At this rate, it wouldn’t be wrong to say that quantum computing could take over sooner than expected and have significant implications for the IT world and, by extension, every industry. 

While still a nascent technology, it’s different and much more powerful than the computing technologies we use today. Its adoption could mean major overhauls of technological infrastructure. This article will explore what it is, how it’s developing, and what it could mean for IT infrastructure. 

What Is Quantum Computing?

Quantum computing is a revolutionary approach to computation based on the principles of quantum mechanics to process information. It’s different from the binary approach of traditional computing. Instead of binary bits (0s and 1s) to perform calculations, quantum computers use qubits (quantum bits), which can exist in multiple states simultaneously due to superposition and entanglement.

Here’s what these concepts mean:

• Superposition: A qubit can be both 0 and 1 simultaneously.
• Entanglement: Qubits can be linked together, meaning a change in one qubit instantly affects its entangled partner, regardless of distance.
• Quantum Parallelism: This allows quantum computers to perform multiple calculations simultaneously. 

Quantum computing has the potential to solve complex problems that classical computers struggle with, including those related to material science simulations, cryptography, and AI advancements.

Classic vs. Quantum Computing

Quantum Computers, explained with MKBHD

Potential Benefits of Quantum Computing (Why It’s Such a Big Deal)

If and when quantum computing becomes widespread, it will bring about massive changes (similar to how digital computing did in the late 20th century). It may even be bigger than that because its computational capabilities go far beyond those of classical computers. 

Understanding these benefits is crucial for IT infrastructure leaders to know why and how this technology can impact their enterprises in the near or distant future. 

Here are the key expected benefits of quantum computing:

1. Exponential Speed and Efficiency

Quantum computers can process complex calculations at unprecedented speeds. For instance, Google's quantum chip, "Willow," performed a computation in under five minutes that would take a classical supercomputer an astronomical 10 septillion years. To give you an idea of how fast that is, a septillion has 24 zeroes. 

This speed and processing power can enable rapid problem-solving in areas like optimization and simulation. Complex computations in analytics that take days, weeks, or months may be done in seconds. 

2. Enhanced Encryption and Data Security

The unique properties of quantum mechanics support the development of quantum cryptography methods, such as Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). This method offers theoretically unbreakable encryption. That can be revolutionary for data security and privacy. 

Companies like Quantinuum have made strides in generating ‘genuine randomness,’ a critical component for quantum cryptographic systems. Current encryption techniques are strong; they’re not entirely immune to decryption. Quantum computing can decrypt them, which is considered a significant issue. 

3. Advanced Problem Solving in Various Sectors

Quantum computing's unique capabilities can transform industries, for example:

• Financial Services: portfolio optimization and risk mitigation
  
  
• Healthcare: Accelerated drug discovery and personalized medicine
  
  
• Transportation: Logistics and traffic flow improvements
  
  

4. Energy Efficiency and Sustainability

This is a big one—innovations like photonic quantum chips, which utilize light for data transfer, promise to be more energy-efficient. And there’s been some development on this front. Ephos, an Italian quantum startup, is developing glass-based chips that reduce energy consumption and environmental impact, aligning with sustainability goals. 

Traditional computing has been notorious for its energy draw, even though efficiency has improved yearly. But with the growing penetration of the internet and more people owning devices, that efficiency isn’t enough to curb emissions. Quantum computing, which is sustainable, will be extremely important for the global climate goals. 

Recent Developments in Quantum Computing

Although we’re far from the commercialized use of quantum computing, it seems like we’re gradually getting there. Existing big companies are pouring money into this field. And many startups have popped up, raising millions in funding to realize truly amazing quantum projects. 

Here are some of the most notable developments and names in the industry:

• Google's 'Willow' Quantum Processor: In December 2024, Google introduced 'Willow,' a 105-qubit superconducting quantum processor. This chip demonstrated quantum error correction capabilities and performed a complex computation in five minutes—a task projected to take the fastest classical supercomputers 10 septillion years. 
• IBM's Quantum Advancements: IBM has made progress with its 'Heron' quantum processor, unveiled in November 2024. This processor can accurately execute quantum circuits with up to 5,000 two-qubit gate operations, substantially improving quantum computational accuracy and scale. Such advancements pave the way for exploring complex scientific problems in materials science and chemistry. 
• Microsoft's Topological Quantum Computing Progress: Microsoft has focused on developing topological quantum computers to create qubits inherently resistant to errors. In February 2025, the company reported the creation of 'Majorana 1,' the world's first quantum chip powered by a topological core architecture.
• D-Wave Solves a Physics Problem with Its Quantum Processor: One of the leading startups of the quantum computing industry, D-Wave, announced that it could solve a relevant scientific problem with its quantum processor. However, its announcement was criticized for being announced and hyped prematurely. 

Most of the developments in quantum computing are happening in the US, with new cities coming up as the so-called ‘Silicon Valleys’ of this technology. According to Business Insider, these cities include Santa Barbara (CA), Chicago (IL), Boston (MA), College Park (MD), and Boulder (CO). 

A lot of money is also flowing toward quantum companies regarding funding and stock investments. 

For instance, PsiQuantum is raising at least $750 million at a $6 billion pre-money valuation. The company collaborates with semiconductor manufacturers like GlobalFoundries to produce quantum chips at scale. 

All these developments collectively indicate rapid progress in quantum computing, with increasing implications for IT infrastructure and various industries.

Challenges to Tackle at the Moment

As quantum computing progresses, there are big challenges to solve before quantum computing can become common and potentially replace traditional computing in fields like research.​

Here are those challenges: 

1. Complex Technology

Quantum computing introduces a paradigm shift from classical computing, involving principles like superposition and entanglement. This complexity demands specialized knowledge and skills, which are currently scarce. 

Also, developing stable qubits—essential units of quantum information—remains a significant hurdle. These qubits are so sensitive that minor disruptions can cause errors. That’s essentially what Microsoft intended to solve. 

https://www.youtube.com/shorts/q_bYWLdtLIo

While the developments have promise, their widespread implementation can’t occur before all the technical complexities have been removed. 

2. Lack of Confidence

Despite substantial investments, there’s no widespread confidence in quantum computing. While some are touting it as the next big thing, others are skeptical about seeing the ‘quantum future’ soon. 

NVIDIA’s CEO, Jensen Huang, remarked about the technology in early 2025, saying it will take another 15 years to see commercial quantum computers. Those comments sent the quantum stocks into a frenzy. However, the CEO later walked back on his remarks. 

3. Need for Investment

The financial demands of advancing quantum computing are substantial. In 2022, investors poured $2.35 billion into quantum technology startups, surpassing the previous year's record and underscoring the sector's capital-intensive nature. 

Still, the high research, development, and infrastructure require significant investments. 

How Will Quantum Computing Impact Infrastructure?

The most significant changes that quantum computing will bring to the IT infrastructure. And these changes will necessitate proactive strategies from IT leaders to adapt to these changes. Here’s how infrastructure may change: 

1. Data Processing and Storage

Quantum computers' ability to perform complex calculations at unprecedented speeds will demand re-evaluation of existing data processing frameworks. Traditional storage systems may struggle to keep pace with the considerable data loads required to process. 

Integrating quantum capabilities with classical systems will be essential to manage workloads effectively. For instance, hybrid models with quantum and classical processors working together are being explored to optimize performance.

2. Hardware Requirements

Quantum computing requires specific hardware that can process qubits at extremely low temperatures. This requirement may lead to increased energy consumption and necessitate considerations for sustainable infrastructure design. 

Quantum computers will have a markedly different architecture than traditional computers. It’s not like merely replacing processors from the old generation to the new. A major overhaul will be needed to embrace and adopt these machines whenever they’re available commercially. 

3. Network Infrastructure

The advancements in quantum computing introduce the potential for quantum communication networks, which are based on principles like entanglement to enable ultra-secure data transmission. 

For instance, implementing Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) can enhance encryption protocols and safeguard sensitive information against emerging cyber threats. However, such implementations will require significant network upgrades in terms of architecture and devices. 

4. Security Protocols

Quantum computing threatens current encryption methods, as quantum algorithms could decrypt data secured by traditional protocols. This means that encryption as we know it today might not work. Quantum-resistant encryption techniques may become the norm. 

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is working on standardizing post-quantum cryptographic algorithms to address this vulnerability. IBM has made a mainframe that’s quantum-safe and addresses this very issue. 

Quantum Computing Predictions and Projections

Here are some industry projections for quantum computing that show how fast the technology is developing and how important it will be. 

• The global quantum computing market size was valued at USD 1.17 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 11.94 billion by 2033.
• Moody's Analytics highlights that the financial industry is poised to become one of the earliest adopters of commercially useful quantum computing technologies. 
• Forbes predicts that quantum-safe networking will become a priority, with telecom providers implementing quantum-resistant encryption protocols to protect critical infrastructure and customer data.

Is It Time to Brace for a Quantum Future?

Quantum computing is making huge waves, with both tech giants and startups making leaps. Is it ready to be used in data centers and enterprise campuses? Not yet. However, the innovations paved the way for quantum computers to be used commercially in specific fields. 

It’s important to keep up with the developments in this field and brace for, at the very least, a hybrid future in which digital and quantum computing coexist.